Michelle Bernhardt-Barry, an assistant professor of civil engineering at the University of Arkansas, has been studying soil structure and how to more effectively withstand heavy loads in order to use quality soil materials in future 3D printed construction projects. In April 2018, Bernhardt-Barry received $500,000 in funding to support her research on the use of soil as a 3D printed material .
Bernhardt-Barry uses adhesive-jet 3D printing technology , an additive manufacturing method that uses adhesives to bond powder materials such as gypsum and starch. She made a plaster for producing a composite material of a similar sand, but not waterproof gypsum, she plans to use sand to apply a new 3D printer Pat.
In the 3D printing process, the 3D printer placed a special special adhesive to create complex parts layer by layer on the platform of the gypsum powder. Another direction Bernhardt-Barry hopes to explore is the ability to use proprietary glue during the printing process. One option is to use bacteria to solidify the soil.
She is currently studying how microbes promote calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) in soil matrices, a biological process. The most common forms of calcium carbonate are chalk, limestone and marble, which are deposited from snails, shellfish and corals.
MICP has been widely used in self-healing concrete. In this process, calcium carbonate precipitates energy bacteria and nutrients embedded in the concrete. These bacteria heal the cracks in the concrete by calcium carbonate precipitation, thereby increasing the durability of the concrete.
By using 3D printing, Bernhardt-Barry hopes to integrate the load-bearing mechanism into the construction of the soil layer and bond them together using calcium carbonate, which collects the soil as a raw material on site and then enhances its load carrying capacity through a 3D printing process. By adding calcium carbonate as a soil binder, researchers hope to improve the ability of 3D printed soil layers to withstand weight.
By 2023, researchers will complete their life cycle analysis to determine the life of the material and whether it is commercially viable. Then she will look for a partner to bring her products to market.
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