Human activities have significantly changed the content and enrichment state of the earth ’s surface elements, and its influence has reached almost every corner of the earth. The geochemical baseline value is defined as the upper limit of the geochemical background (not interfered by human activities), or the lower limit of the influence of human activities, and is an important reference for evaluating the enrichment of heavy metals in the earth's surface by human activities. Europe has launched a large-scale geochemical baseline research program; the British government launched a research project called "London Earth" before the 2012 London Olympics, aimed at identifying the impact of urbanization and industrialization on the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil of Greater London And determine the heavy metal geochemical baseline. At present, China has not launched a large-scale research program related to this.
Lakes are an important gathering place for heavy metal pollution in river basins. The heavy metal content in lake sediments can reflect the history of heavy metal pollution in lake basins and can indicate the source of pollution and industrial composition to a certain extent. The Wei Chaoyang research group of the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences established a database of heavy metal content in surface sediments of Dianchi Lake of Taihu Lake through field sampling analysis and literature data collection; using cumulative frequency distribution method and standardized regression method of reference elements, the Taihu Lake and Dianchi Lake were determined Baseline value of sediment geochemistry.
The results showed that the baseline values ​​of arsenic, antimony, mercury, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc in the sediments of Taihu Lake were 9.92, 1.67, 0.14, 22.6, 101, 31.6, 32.0, 33.1 and 97.0 mg / kg, Dianchi Lake The sediments were 24.6, 4.29, 0.25, 36.8, 136, 90.1, 50.8, 73.6 and 209 mg / kg; meanwhile, the relative cumulative frequency distribution of each element showed that there are two inflection points for copper and lead in Taihu Lake, antimony, lead and zinc in Dianchi Lake , Indicating that these heavy metals are seriously interfered by human activities in Taihu Lake and Dianchi Lake, which is consistent with the development characteristics of the industrial structure of the two lake areas: namely, Taihu Lake brings heavy copper pollution due to the development of aquaculture, while Dianchi Lake has obvious antimony due to the intensive mining activities. Pollution. The above results provide a scientific basis for assessing regional heavy metal pollution status and formulating water environment benchmarks.
The research was funded by the National Key Basic Research Development Program (973 Program) "Lake Water Environment Quality Evolution and Water Environment Benchmark Research" project.
Paper information: Wei CY (韦æœé˜³), Wen HL (温海龙). 2012. The geochemical baseline of heavy metals in the sediments of two large fresh water lakes in China: implications for estimation of contamination character and history. Environmental Geochemistry and Health , DOI: 10.1007 / s10653-012-9492-9.
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