Keywords: printing failure, paper feeding system, positioning system, take-up system to solve the problem is to ensure that such problems no longer occur. Analyze each relevant factor that produces the problem, and predict its concrete change according to the internal connection between the factors, and at the same time, make the relevant factors work in the best state for standardization to achieve no problem. This is the ultimate destination for us to solve the problem. Below, the author takes the modern sheet-fed printing machine as an example to illustrate how to standardize the operation of the equipment.
Question: The receipt and release of printed matter is not uniform.
Purpose: To keep prints neat and tidy.
There are two premise for the neatness of printed matter: the printed matter must arrive at the delivery system regularly; the functional units of the paper delivery system are in the best condition.
Analyze the relevant factors that affect the neatness of printed materials:
1. Factors related to print: paper, ink, water and pressure;
2. Whether the printed matter can reach the delivery system is directly related to the printing speed, the paper transport system and the paper transfer system;
3. Whether the printed matter can arrive at the delivery system and the paper delivery system, the positioning system, the transfer system, the imprinting system, and the water supply system are directly related to whether they are in the optimal control state;
4. Whether the functional units of the paper delivery system are in the best condition are directly related to the functional units of the paper delivery system.
From this, it can be seen that the relevant factors affecting the neatness of printing and unwinding are: paper feeder system, positioning system, water supply and ink supply system, imprinting system, paper transfer system, paper delivery system, and printing speed.
Problems often arise from abnormal changes in related factors and changes in the relationship between them. Here we take a closer look at the results of the different combinations of the relevant factors that influence the orderliness of the prints and their abnormal changes:
1. Printing speed Printing speed is too high, it will produce flying paper phenomenon; speed is too low, then the print is not in place in the delivery system. Both of these will result in uneven publication.
2. Paper Feeding System The paper feeding system is unstable in the following two ways: too fast and too slow. If the paper is fed too fast, the large area of ​​the tusks may be torn; the paper feeding is too slow. When the dies are not detected, the functional elements of the paper transfer system cannot reach the paper. Paper delivery system. The two will inevitably produce a mishap.
3. Positioning System The positioning system consists of two parts: one is the former regulatory position and the other is the lateral regulatory position. Before and after adjustment of the position of the front gauge will cause the transfer system to change the number of teeth. The front rule moves forward, and the occlusal caries are many; there is less displacement, and there are fewer blemishes. Too much gingival crepe paper tends to tear the mouth of prints; too few blister creases can easily cause paper to fall off. It can be seen that the changes in the position of the front and rear front and back must be within their normal range of change.
The influence of the side-gauge on the neatness of the printed matter is mainly reflected in its time fit with the oscillator, its own lifting height and the pressure of the compression spring in the positioning process. The height of the lateral plane lift is less than 45°, which will cause the extension of the specified time on the side and the fall time to advance, shortening the time for the paper to reach the front gauge. In this way, it is highly probable that the paper will begin to be positioned on the side when it is too late to reach the front gauge. Since the positioned paper does not completely reach the front gauge, the paper transfer system will surely cause the paper drop phenomenon to occur. Lateral pressure springs have large pressure, and the rebound force after positioning is also increased accordingly, and uneven paper feeding will occur. Uneven paper feeding results in two results: one is paper drop, and the other is tearing of the print. After the positioning of the side profile is completed, the oscillating teeth of the oscillating device should have just been picked up. If the cavities are not picked up at this time, the paper in the free state is liable to produce a situation where the paper is not fed due to the rebound force, resulting in paper drop. On the contrary, there was a tearing of the mouth of the printed matter. In addition, due to the wear of the rolling ball, improper adjustment of the ball, or lack of tension of the tension spring, the wiggler may cause unstable creping, which may not only result in inaccurate front and rear printing rules, but also cause a paper-off phenomenon.
4. Press printing system and water supply system The paper passes through the imprinting system and brings static electricity to the printed paper at the moment of imprinting and separating. The greater the imprinting force, the greater the static electricity. Printed materials will cause mutual exclusion of the two prints before and after the delivery system. At this time, the prints appear to be floating, and this will inevitably lead to the misplaced prints. The normal water supply of the water supply system can effectively solve the problem of electrified printed matter, which lays a solid foundation for neatly receiving the paper.
5. The normal water supply system of the water supply system and the ink supply system can effectively solve the problem of static electricity in the printed matter, but the change in the amount of water supply is often affected by changes in the supply of ink. Ink is large water, small ink is small. From this we can see that in order to effectively solve the static electricity problem of printed materials, the normal balance of ink and wash must be taken as the prerequisite.
6. Paper transfer system The paper transfer system has too small gusset angle, which means that paper is not picked up, resulting in paper drop; the horizontal spacing between the two pads is too large at the moment of paper transfer. Too small will cause tearing. If the front functional unit has been refilled and the functional unit has not picked up, then a paper drop occurs. If the former is faster and the latter is slower, tearing occurs. In addition, the same function unit of the paper transport system, with no pressure between the cavities and the tooth pads, will inevitably fall out of the paper. If the pressure is too high, the cavities will produce rotten paper.
7. The delivery system.
Before and after the delivery system, the left and right aligning blocks should be consistent with the specifications of the paper in order to ensure that the delivery is neat. In addition, the rear suction wheel should ensure the stability of the printed matter in the suction state. If the print is not smooth, the subsequent chain hits the tip of the print to create a chaos. If the teeth of the chain are opened before the teeth are opened, the print will not be in place; if the teeth are opened late, a flying paper phenomenon will occur.
In summary, the abnormal changes in the paper feeding system and the positioning system will cause the transfer system to reduce the number of dents; the abnormal changes in the imprinting system and the water supply and ink supply systems will cause the printed materials to be repelled due to charging; the transfer system The abnormal changes between the functional units ultimately manifest themselves as a change in the number of gummed papers; the abnormal changes in the function units of the delivery system show that the printed matter cannot be returned in order and the paper collection is not uniform.
In the actual printing, the common performances of the printed matter are as follows: the paper is missing, there is a break in the mouth of the printed matter, and the print is repelled. The printed sheet is ejected by the subsequent chain.
The specific causes of the inconsistency of printed materials are as follows:
1. Dropped paper at the drop-out location. Drop out the paper and compare the print with normal prints. If the printed mouthprint of this print is smaller than the normal printed matter, it means that the paper dropout phenomenon is caused by the failure of the paper feed. Raise the side gauge, try not to print off the paper, indicating that the paper off phenomenon is caused by improper adjustment of the side gauge; if the paper is off, it indicates that the paper feeding system is unstable due to paper feeding. If the missing paper mouth print is consistent with the normal printed mouth print, it indicates that the paper drop phenomenon is caused by unstable paper transfer or too little crucible paper.
2. Printed parts of the mouth of the teeth have a break before the rules, so that the paper transfer system reduces the amount of gingival crepe paper, this time the break disappears, indicating that the system is caused by too many gingival crepe paper. If the break is still present, make the tine angle of the functional units of the transfer system greater than 45°C and make the outermost end of the teeth to be at the same horizontal line. When the break disappears, it indicates that the open angle of the dentition is too small or Caused by too long teeth. If the breakage has not disappeared, the distance between the two functional units before and after the transfer of the paper between the tooth pads should be checked at this time, and the distance between the two teeth should be kept at about 20 to 30 wires to completely overcome the breakage of the print mouths. .
3. Repellent prints Repulsion prints are repelled, paper floats and cannot be returned in time. At this time, you should check the amount of water supply and the sound of paper when printed and separated. The small amount of water supplied and the large transfer pressure will increase the static electricity of the printed matter and cause the above phenomenon.
4. The front sheet of the delivery position is caused by the subsequent chain squeezing and the suction hood sucking the paper unevenly. At this time, the size of the gap between the suction wheel and the lower suction port, the amount of suction, and the wear of the suction cup outer ring should be checked.
The method of repairing headaches and treating the feet and feet is an improvised maintenance method that cannot fundamentally solve the problem. It is the scientific method to seek the best state of the relevant factors that cause the problem and standardize the operation so that the system can solve the problem. The systematic solutions for the miscellaneous prints are as follows:
1. To guarantee normal and stable paper feeding, the paper feeder system must handle the following points well: Paper is flat, especially the paper presser foot. Be sure to lay it flat. The front of the stack is 2~4mm lower than the previous flush block. Paper suction nozzle suction paper should be in place, put it back as soon as possible after the paper. After the midpoint of the blow, the middle point should be equal to the middle point of the paper suction nozzle. The paper feeding nozzle should be able to fall to the bottom point in the suction state and run smoothly. The timing between the presser foot, the paper dispensing nozzle, the delivery nozzle, and the first paper guide roller should be in the standard state. The spatial position of the presser foot, the paper suction nozzle, the delivery nozzle, the rear air blower, the brush, and the pressure plate should be in the standard state. The amount of blowing and suction should be adjusted to the standard state. The pressure of the paper conveying belt and guide wheel of the paperboard shall be adjusted to the standard state.
2. Positioning System The positioning system includes the front gauge, teeth, and side gauges. Their standard state is as follows:
(1) The former rules. The two front regulations should be on the same level to ensure that the former regulations are correct. Make each functional unit of the paper transfer system dent in the range of 2 to 4 mm. At this time, the front gauge should be fixed, and do not tamper with it.
(2) Electrical teeth. Before the rules drop, the paper is in place. At this point, the distance between the front end of the teeth and the front edge of the paper is about 1 mm.
(3) Lateral regulations.
1 Lateral timing: The oscillating jaw just scratched the paper and the side gauge ball just lifted. At this moment, the paper should be under the common control of both.
2 The maximum height at which the side profile lifts should be greater than 45°.
3 The side gauge roller cannot wear too much. The inspection method is as follows: When the side gauge is in the drawing state, raise the side gauge by hand, place a 7-thread paper underneath, lower the side gauge, and withdraw the paper by hand. If the paper is smashed and hung, the roller can be used.
4 The side pressure spring pressure is as small as possible on the premise of its positional paper position. The small benefits are: first, to avoid the accelerated wear of the ball and roller, and secondly, to greatly reduce the rebound force of the paper after positioning, which is conducive to the stability of the paper. 5 The axial rotation of the roller should be smooth and vibration-free.
3. Transfer system The transfer system includes a swinger, a transfer roller, and a chain. Their standard state is as follows:
(1) Swinger.
1 When the swinger cam is in the minimum plane, the tension spring should be slightly pulled;
At the time of 2 o'clock, the gap between the ball and the cam should be maintained at 20, and on this premise, the two sides should be adjusted to support the backing.
3 When the swinging device and the front transfer roller are in contact with each other, the horizontal distance between the two function unit tooth pads should be about 20 filaments. If the diameter is greater than 20, replace the swinger roller ball.
(2) Functional units of the paper transfer system.
1 gingival crepe paper is about 2 to 4mm;
2 The angle of cavities should be greater than 45°;
3 The front of the teeth should be at the same level;
4 The height of each tooth pad in the same functional unit should be at the same level;
5 The distance between the adjacent two functional units of the transfer system at the time of handover and the level of the dental pad should be around 20 filaments;
6 In the same functional unit, as long as the teeth can hold the paper, the smaller the better.
4. Press printing system The pressure of this system is determined as follows: Wash the printing plate cylinder and the blanket cylinder roller pillow, press the lead wire after pressing and measure the thickness of the pressed lead wire. This thickness is the actual pressure between the two rollers. However, this pressure is related to the four aspects of the thickness of the printing plate, the thickness of the pad under the printing plate, the thickness of the blanket and the thickness of the underside of the printing plate. Since the thickness of the printing plate is basically unchanged, the thickness of the liner under the printing plate can be fixed (to ensure the stability of the printing paste by the printing plate, and the pressure of the printing roller), but the thickness of the blanket may change greatly after it is renewed. In this case, how do we determine the thickness of the rubber liner? The method is as follows: Under the blanket, the liner is taken out, and after pressing like a leather cloth, the paper is torn into strips, and the pressure of the blanket is detected successively after being laminated. When the paper strip can be pulled out forcefully, adding two to three wires to the stack thickness of the paper strip becomes the standard pressure of the rubber underlay.
5. Water Supply and Ink Supply System (1) The standard value of the ink supply system is determined as follows: During normal printing, the ink roller is uniformly and not densely inked, and the sound is absorbed evenly and the print is thick. At this time, the position indicated by the ink volume indicator is This is the standard value of the amount of ink when printing the product.
Question: The receipt and release of printed matter is not uniform.
Purpose: To keep prints neat and tidy.
There are two premise for the neatness of printed matter: the printed matter must arrive at the delivery system regularly; the functional units of the paper delivery system are in the best condition.
Analyze the relevant factors that affect the neatness of printed materials:
1. Factors related to print: paper, ink, water and pressure;
2. Whether the printed matter can reach the delivery system is directly related to the printing speed, the paper transport system and the paper transfer system;
3. Whether the printed matter can arrive at the delivery system and the paper delivery system, the positioning system, the transfer system, the imprinting system, and the water supply system are directly related to whether they are in the optimal control state;
4. Whether the functional units of the paper delivery system are in the best condition are directly related to the functional units of the paper delivery system.
From this, it can be seen that the relevant factors affecting the neatness of printing and unwinding are: paper feeder system, positioning system, water supply and ink supply system, imprinting system, paper transfer system, paper delivery system, and printing speed.
Problems often arise from abnormal changes in related factors and changes in the relationship between them. Here we take a closer look at the results of the different combinations of the relevant factors that influence the orderliness of the prints and their abnormal changes:
1. Printing speed Printing speed is too high, it will produce flying paper phenomenon; speed is too low, then the print is not in place in the delivery system. Both of these will result in uneven publication.
2. Paper Feeding System The paper feeding system is unstable in the following two ways: too fast and too slow. If the paper is fed too fast, the large area of ​​the tusks may be torn; the paper feeding is too slow. When the dies are not detected, the functional elements of the paper transfer system cannot reach the paper. Paper delivery system. The two will inevitably produce a mishap.
3. Positioning System The positioning system consists of two parts: one is the former regulatory position and the other is the lateral regulatory position. Before and after adjustment of the position of the front gauge will cause the transfer system to change the number of teeth. The front rule moves forward, and the occlusal caries are many; there is less displacement, and there are fewer blemishes. Too much gingival crepe paper tends to tear the mouth of prints; too few blister creases can easily cause paper to fall off. It can be seen that the changes in the position of the front and rear front and back must be within their normal range of change.
The influence of the side-gauge on the neatness of the printed matter is mainly reflected in its time fit with the oscillator, its own lifting height and the pressure of the compression spring in the positioning process. The height of the lateral plane lift is less than 45°, which will cause the extension of the specified time on the side and the fall time to advance, shortening the time for the paper to reach the front gauge. In this way, it is highly probable that the paper will begin to be positioned on the side when it is too late to reach the front gauge. Since the positioned paper does not completely reach the front gauge, the paper transfer system will surely cause the paper drop phenomenon to occur. Lateral pressure springs have large pressure, and the rebound force after positioning is also increased accordingly, and uneven paper feeding will occur. Uneven paper feeding results in two results: one is paper drop, and the other is tearing of the print. After the positioning of the side profile is completed, the oscillating teeth of the oscillating device should have just been picked up. If the cavities are not picked up at this time, the paper in the free state is liable to produce a situation where the paper is not fed due to the rebound force, resulting in paper drop. On the contrary, there was a tearing of the mouth of the printed matter. In addition, due to the wear of the rolling ball, improper adjustment of the ball, or lack of tension of the tension spring, the wiggler may cause unstable creping, which may not only result in inaccurate front and rear printing rules, but also cause a paper-off phenomenon.
4. Press printing system and water supply system The paper passes through the imprinting system and brings static electricity to the printed paper at the moment of imprinting and separating. The greater the imprinting force, the greater the static electricity. Printed materials will cause mutual exclusion of the two prints before and after the delivery system. At this time, the prints appear to be floating, and this will inevitably lead to the misplaced prints. The normal water supply of the water supply system can effectively solve the problem of electrified printed matter, which lays a solid foundation for neatly receiving the paper.
5. The normal water supply system of the water supply system and the ink supply system can effectively solve the problem of static electricity in the printed matter, but the change in the amount of water supply is often affected by changes in the supply of ink. Ink is large water, small ink is small. From this we can see that in order to effectively solve the static electricity problem of printed materials, the normal balance of ink and wash must be taken as the prerequisite.
6. Paper transfer system The paper transfer system has too small gusset angle, which means that paper is not picked up, resulting in paper drop; the horizontal spacing between the two pads is too large at the moment of paper transfer. Too small will cause tearing. If the front functional unit has been refilled and the functional unit has not picked up, then a paper drop occurs. If the former is faster and the latter is slower, tearing occurs. In addition, the same function unit of the paper transport system, with no pressure between the cavities and the tooth pads, will inevitably fall out of the paper. If the pressure is too high, the cavities will produce rotten paper.
7. The delivery system.
Before and after the delivery system, the left and right aligning blocks should be consistent with the specifications of the paper in order to ensure that the delivery is neat. In addition, the rear suction wheel should ensure the stability of the printed matter in the suction state. If the print is not smooth, the subsequent chain hits the tip of the print to create a chaos. If the teeth of the chain are opened before the teeth are opened, the print will not be in place; if the teeth are opened late, a flying paper phenomenon will occur.
In summary, the abnormal changes in the paper feeding system and the positioning system will cause the transfer system to reduce the number of dents; the abnormal changes in the imprinting system and the water supply and ink supply systems will cause the printed materials to be repelled due to charging; the transfer system The abnormal changes between the functional units ultimately manifest themselves as a change in the number of gummed papers; the abnormal changes in the function units of the delivery system show that the printed matter cannot be returned in order and the paper collection is not uniform.
In the actual printing, the common performances of the printed matter are as follows: the paper is missing, there is a break in the mouth of the printed matter, and the print is repelled. The printed sheet is ejected by the subsequent chain.
The specific causes of the inconsistency of printed materials are as follows:
1. Dropped paper at the drop-out location. Drop out the paper and compare the print with normal prints. If the printed mouthprint of this print is smaller than the normal printed matter, it means that the paper dropout phenomenon is caused by the failure of the paper feed. Raise the side gauge, try not to print off the paper, indicating that the paper off phenomenon is caused by improper adjustment of the side gauge; if the paper is off, it indicates that the paper feeding system is unstable due to paper feeding. If the missing paper mouth print is consistent with the normal printed mouth print, it indicates that the paper drop phenomenon is caused by unstable paper transfer or too little crucible paper.
2. Printed parts of the mouth of the teeth have a break before the rules, so that the paper transfer system reduces the amount of gingival crepe paper, this time the break disappears, indicating that the system is caused by too many gingival crepe paper. If the break is still present, make the tine angle of the functional units of the transfer system greater than 45°C and make the outermost end of the teeth to be at the same horizontal line. When the break disappears, it indicates that the open angle of the dentition is too small or Caused by too long teeth. If the breakage has not disappeared, the distance between the two functional units before and after the transfer of the paper between the tooth pads should be checked at this time, and the distance between the two teeth should be kept at about 20 to 30 wires to completely overcome the breakage of the print mouths. .
3. Repellent prints Repulsion prints are repelled, paper floats and cannot be returned in time. At this time, you should check the amount of water supply and the sound of paper when printed and separated. The small amount of water supplied and the large transfer pressure will increase the static electricity of the printed matter and cause the above phenomenon.
4. The front sheet of the delivery position is caused by the subsequent chain squeezing and the suction hood sucking the paper unevenly. At this time, the size of the gap between the suction wheel and the lower suction port, the amount of suction, and the wear of the suction cup outer ring should be checked.
The method of repairing headaches and treating the feet and feet is an improvised maintenance method that cannot fundamentally solve the problem. It is the scientific method to seek the best state of the relevant factors that cause the problem and standardize the operation so that the system can solve the problem. The systematic solutions for the miscellaneous prints are as follows:
1. To guarantee normal and stable paper feeding, the paper feeder system must handle the following points well: Paper is flat, especially the paper presser foot. Be sure to lay it flat. The front of the stack is 2~4mm lower than the previous flush block. Paper suction nozzle suction paper should be in place, put it back as soon as possible after the paper. After the midpoint of the blow, the middle point should be equal to the middle point of the paper suction nozzle. The paper feeding nozzle should be able to fall to the bottom point in the suction state and run smoothly. The timing between the presser foot, the paper dispensing nozzle, the delivery nozzle, and the first paper guide roller should be in the standard state. The spatial position of the presser foot, the paper suction nozzle, the delivery nozzle, the rear air blower, the brush, and the pressure plate should be in the standard state. The amount of blowing and suction should be adjusted to the standard state. The pressure of the paper conveying belt and guide wheel of the paperboard shall be adjusted to the standard state.
2. Positioning System The positioning system includes the front gauge, teeth, and side gauges. Their standard state is as follows:
(1) The former rules. The two front regulations should be on the same level to ensure that the former regulations are correct. Make each functional unit of the paper transfer system dent in the range of 2 to 4 mm. At this time, the front gauge should be fixed, and do not tamper with it.
(2) Electrical teeth. Before the rules drop, the paper is in place. At this point, the distance between the front end of the teeth and the front edge of the paper is about 1 mm.
(3) Lateral regulations.
1 Lateral timing: The oscillating jaw just scratched the paper and the side gauge ball just lifted. At this moment, the paper should be under the common control of both.
2 The maximum height at which the side profile lifts should be greater than 45°.
3 The side gauge roller cannot wear too much. The inspection method is as follows: When the side gauge is in the drawing state, raise the side gauge by hand, place a 7-thread paper underneath, lower the side gauge, and withdraw the paper by hand. If the paper is smashed and hung, the roller can be used.
4 The side pressure spring pressure is as small as possible on the premise of its positional paper position. The small benefits are: first, to avoid the accelerated wear of the ball and roller, and secondly, to greatly reduce the rebound force of the paper after positioning, which is conducive to the stability of the paper. 5 The axial rotation of the roller should be smooth and vibration-free.
3. Transfer system The transfer system includes a swinger, a transfer roller, and a chain. Their standard state is as follows:
(1) Swinger.
1 When the swinger cam is in the minimum plane, the tension spring should be slightly pulled;
At the time of 2 o'clock, the gap between the ball and the cam should be maintained at 20, and on this premise, the two sides should be adjusted to support the backing.
3 When the swinging device and the front transfer roller are in contact with each other, the horizontal distance between the two function unit tooth pads should be about 20 filaments. If the diameter is greater than 20, replace the swinger roller ball.
(2) Functional units of the paper transfer system.
1 gingival crepe paper is about 2 to 4mm;
2 The angle of cavities should be greater than 45°;
3 The front of the teeth should be at the same level;
4 The height of each tooth pad in the same functional unit should be at the same level;
5 The distance between the adjacent two functional units of the transfer system at the time of handover and the level of the dental pad should be around 20 filaments;
6 In the same functional unit, as long as the teeth can hold the paper, the smaller the better.
4. Press printing system The pressure of this system is determined as follows: Wash the printing plate cylinder and the blanket cylinder roller pillow, press the lead wire after pressing and measure the thickness of the pressed lead wire. This thickness is the actual pressure between the two rollers. However, this pressure is related to the four aspects of the thickness of the printing plate, the thickness of the pad under the printing plate, the thickness of the blanket and the thickness of the underside of the printing plate. Since the thickness of the printing plate is basically unchanged, the thickness of the liner under the printing plate can be fixed (to ensure the stability of the printing paste by the printing plate, and the pressure of the printing roller), but the thickness of the blanket may change greatly after it is renewed. In this case, how do we determine the thickness of the rubber liner? The method is as follows: Under the blanket, the liner is taken out, and after pressing like a leather cloth, the paper is torn into strips, and the pressure of the blanket is detected successively after being laminated. When the paper strip can be pulled out forcefully, adding two to three wires to the stack thickness of the paper strip becomes the standard pressure of the rubber underlay.
5. Water Supply and Ink Supply System (1) The standard value of the ink supply system is determined as follows: During normal printing, the ink roller is uniformly and not densely inked, and the sound is absorbed evenly and the print is thick. At this time, the position indicated by the ink volume indicator is This is the standard value of the amount of ink when printing the product.
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