Concavo-convex printing is a special printing process that does not use ink in the range of printing. On the printed matter printed with pictures and texts, two sets of concave and convex plates are made according to the pictures, and then printed by a flat press printing machine, so that the surface of the printed matter is shaped like a relief, which produces a unique artistic effect. Therefore, it is also called "rolling and bumping". This method is similar to "arch flower".
First, the production of embossed plates
Firstly, the primary and secondary levels of the drawing should be distinguished. The main body should be the subject, the depth should be used to reach a certain depth, and then the secondary level should be considered. The prominent part should make the height of the protrusion higher. The printing plate is first made into a gravure, which is carried out by engraving process, which can be woodcut, copper engraving, steel engraving and corrosive printing. Secondly, the expression method of the figure and the line is determined. The main body and the general level should be coordinated, and the depth and shallowness of the layout are shallow. To coordinate, the outline of a picture should be shallow and deep, and have a certain slope. The engraving surface is based on the perspective principle and the near-deep and shallow expression techniques. Finally, after the outline engraving is completed, the fine work is done to make the whole layout smooth and even. Run.
The engraved gravure is glued to the center of the metal base plate of the flat press printing machine, and the printing plate is leveled to prevent the pressure from being unbalanced, and the pressure is not real or the plate is stuck. The yellow plate paper is stuck on the plate. To correct the pressure, the parts with more contours of the concave and convex contours are different in depth and depth, and the size of the printed surface is cut with yellow paper and cut into pieces to form a trapezoidal punch with the same gravure. At this time, the details of the trapezoidal punch are not The gravure is consistent. A layer of gypsum slurry is placed on the trapezoidal punch. The gypsum slurry is mixed with fine gypsum powder and mixed with glue. The consistency should be appropriate. Cover it with a thin piece of paper on the gypsum slurry, and when the gypsum is dry. Bump test, in order to prevent gypsum sticking, a layer of kerosene can be brushed on the intaglio plate. It is used to gently shake the machine during pressure test, and the speed is slow at the beginning to avoid the gypsum layer spreading quickly, and the gravure and the relief are not matched. After the gypsum is dry and hard set, it can be embossed at normal speed. If the initial extrusion pattern does not meet the quality requirements, the gypsum layer should be repaired, and the excess plaster on the non-embossed surface should be scraped off with the knife when the gypsum is not yet dry.
Second, the embossing plate imprint
When printing, the printed matter is placed between the intaglio plate and the relief plate, and the concave and convex pattern can be rolled out under a large pressure. In the process of embossing, if the paper is damaged due to excessive pressure or excessively uneven, the gypsum surface can be evenly ground with sandpaper. In the embossing, the embossed surface should be brushed frequently to prevent the dirt from being pressed into the damaged surface. The printing paper is hard in nature, and when the product quality is very high, hot pressing can be utilized, that is, a resistance wire is added in the middle of the metal base plate, and the current is passed during operation to make the printing plate heat, and the high quality product can be pressed out.
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