Buffer package test research continued

The horizontal impact test is a test for assessing the robustness of inner and outer packaging containers when subjected to horizontal impact. It applies to all transport packages and packaging containers, especially packages and containers that are heavy and difficult to drop test. The horizontal impact test is designed to simulate the emergency braking of the vehicle and the operation of the train. In practical tests, horizontal impact tests are mostly replaced by inclined impact tests due to the limitations of equipment conditions. The test device is mainly composed of an inclination angle of 10° to the horizontal plane, two inclined tracks, a taxiway, a sliding block, and an impact plate.

(1) Requirements for test equipment

1 slides. The slide platform is inclined at an angle of 10° to the ground. Its length can be adjusted as required and it should be fixed well.

2 slides. Slides are laid on slides and consist of rails. They are required to be smooth, straight, with distance scales on them and equipped with a speed measuring device.

3 tackle. The trolley is placed on a slide and has a wire rope at the end, which is lifted by a winch. The surface of the tackle should be flat and free from unevenness.

4 impact board. Also known as the baffle, it is installed at the bottom of the chute, perpendicular to the sliding direction of the trochlear, and its size should be larger than the impact surface of the package. Its surface should be very hard and generally made of hardwood. The surface should be flat and free from projections.

(2) Determination of impact velocity at impact

The instantaneous speed at which the test sample is subjected to an impact varies with the height (ie, the coasting distance), and its value can be obtained from the following formula: u=√2glsin10°(cm/s)

In the formula: the sliding distance of L block (cm)

g—Gradient acceleration (cm/s2)

From the above formula, the impact speed of the tackle at different starting positions can be obtained, and a diagram showing the relationship is prepared.

(3) Test procedure

1 Place the test sample on the trolley so that the impact or two ribs subjected to the test align with the front end of the trolley or extend 5 cm from the front end of the trolley.

2 Adjust the position of the trolley, which should match the required instantaneous speed of the impact.

3 Slide the trolley with the test sample off the slideway and collide with the impact plate.

4 The taxi can be repetitively taxied. It can be taxied at one speed, or it can be increased by 1/10 each time from the previous time until the test sample is broken.

5 record the impact speed and impact frequency

Vertical impact drop test of package

The vertical impact drop test is used to assess the impact strength of the package when subjected to vertical impact and the package's ability to protect the contents. The loading and unloading of packages are often subject to vertical impact during transportation, which is a major cause of damage to the package and its contents. In the vertical impact drop test, the free drop test is often used. It is to drop the test sample to a prescribed height and release it suddenly so that it can freely fall on the impact surface to form an impact. After completing several drops in several different states, check the damage of the test sample. Before the test, the temperature and humidity of the test sample must be adjusted as required.

(1) Requirements for test equipment

1 lifting device. It is to lift the test sample to a predetermined height and release it. The test specimen should not be damaged when it is lifted or released, and it should be able to fall freely when released. Lift height should indicate.

2 impact surface. It is the plane that withstands the drop impact of the test specimen. The impact surface should be a single horizontal plane, the mass should be greater than 50 times the mass of the test sample; the area must ensure that the test sample completely falls on the top, the impact surface should be flat, the level difference at any two points on the surface should not exceed 2mm; l00mm2 on the impact surface Place a static load of l0kg on the area, and the deformation must not exceed 0.1mm.

(2) Test procedure

1 Determine the drop state of the test sample. The shape of the test sample is many, but regardless of the state, the gravitational line should be passed through the test site. For the test sample with parallelepiped shape, there are three kinds of drop state: face, edge, and angle; for the shape of the cylinder, there are three kinds of drop state: face, line, and point; for bag or package shape, there are three types: face, end face, and side face. Falling state. Drops are different, and damage to the package is also different. During testing, the package is tested primarily in the normal state or in the event of a fall hazard. Before the test, the predetermined state of the package must be marked as required.

2 Determine the drop height of the test sample. Drop height refers to the vertical distance between the lowest point and the impact surface after the test sample is lifted. The basic value of the drop height is specified in the International Standard ISO: 500 mm for road, rail and air transport, and 300 mm for water transport; In general dangerous situations, the height variation range is 100-1200mm and the preferred values ​​are 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200; for abnormal conditions or specific hazard conditions, it is 1500mm or more, and Increase at intervals of 800mm.

3 Determine the number of drop tests. The number of drops is determined according to the magnitude of the vertical shock that may occur during the circulation of the package.

4 Determine the drop sequence. For a parallelepiped test specimen, it generally begins to fall from a certain corner and the three faces and three edges that make up the corner; for products that cannot be inverted, a continuous drop of the bottom plane can be performed; other shape samples can be referred to the above order .

5 Lift the test sample and allow it to fall freely in the predetermined state, height and number of drops.

6 Check the damage of packaging and contents according to the relevant standards and analyze the test results.